Allergies are incredibly common, with millions of Americans suffering from the condition every year. Whether you or a loved one have allergies, it can be helpful to understand what’s happening inside the body when an allergic reaction occurs, as well as what you can do to treat or prevent allergy symptoms.
Mechanisms of an Allergic Reaction
An allergic reaction happens when your body mistakes a harmless substance, such as pollen, pet dander, or a type of food, for something harmful. When you come into contact with an allergen by consuming or inhaling it, your body reacts to it by creating antibodies called immunoglobulin E (IgE). These antibodies attach to mast cells, which then release histamine and other chemicals which trigger the symptoms of an allergic reaction.
Common Allergy Symptoms
The type of allergy symptoms you have can vary in severity and be different depending on the type of allergy you have. The National Center for Biotechnology Information has a list of usual allergy symptoms, which include:
- Pruritus (itchy skin)
- Flushing
- Rash
- Urticaria (hives)
- Swelling of the lips, tongue, and airway
- Nausea
- Vomiting
- Abdominal cramping
- Shortness of breath
- Wheezing and bronchospasm
- Stridor (high-pitched whistling sound while inhaling)
- Syncope or collapse
Some people with allergies are at risk of experiencing anaphylaxis, a severe, life-threatening allergic reaction that causes your airways to constrict and causes you to struggle to breathe. Symptoms can include a rapid pulse, difficulty breathing, fainting, and if not treated properly, can be fatal.
If you or a loved one is experiencing a severe allergic reaction, seek emergency care immediately. If a doctor has prescribed an epinephrine injector in case of anaphylaxis, make sure you know how to use it and that you always have it on you.
Can You Prevent Allergic Reactions?
If you suffer from allergies, the good news is that there are many treatments and at-home remedies you can take to prevent or minimize your allergic reactions. These include:
- Allergy medications. These can be over-the-counter or prescribed by a doctor and available at LoRex Drugs or another local pharmacy.
- Avoiding your triggers. Depending on your allergens, this could mean not eating certain foods or staying inside when pollen levels are high in Newberry County.
- Immunotherapy. This is a method of treatment that builds tolerance to an allergen by introducing it to the body in small doses over a period of time. It’s administered via allergy shots or drops. Ask your allergist if this may be an option for you.
For more information on allergies or to schedule an appointment, contact Carolina Pines ENT today.